As your due date approaches, you may find yourself facing the possibility of labor induction. This medical intervention is performed to stimulate contractions and initiate the birthing process when it doesn’t occur spontaneously. Let’s take a look at the various labor induction methods, their purposes, potential risks, and other factors you should consider. Understanding these options empowers you to make informed decisions in collaboration with your healthcare provider.
Membrane Sweep
One method your healthcare provider may attempt before more intense methods is membrane sweeping. We like to call it the most non-invasive, but invasive method. Invasive because it is internal, non-invasive because it involves no medication or other objects. During a membrane sweep, your provider will gently separate the amniotic sac from your cervix. This encourages the release of natural prostaglandins and encourages labor. While membrane sweeping carries minimal risks, you may experience discomfort or spotting. The success rate varies, though we have seen it most successful in clients who are at least 40 weeks. If your body isn’t ready, multiple attempts might be necessary.
Medication
Another commonly used method to induce labor is the administration of medications. Synthetic prostaglandins, such as Misoprostol and Dinoprostone, can be administered vaginally or orally to soften and dilate your cervix. Pitocin (synthetic oxytocin, which is the naturally occurring hormone responsible for contractions) is another frequently used method. Pitocin for an induction is delivered through an IV line to stimulate contractions. These medications are generally safe, but they can cause intense contractions. A medication-induced labor elevates you from low-risk, to a slightly higher risk category so you can expect continuous monitoring of both you and your baby.
AROM or Artificial Rupture of Membranes
In some cases, your healthcare provider may choose to artificially rupture your amniotic sac (AROM) to trigger labor. This procedure involves using a sterile instrument similar to a crochet hook to break the amniotic sac that surrounds your baby. Once the amniotic fluid is released, it often results in an increase in prostaglandins, which can stimulate contractions. Artificial rupture of membranes carries risks such as infection or cord prolapse, and it is typically performed when your cervix is already partially dilated and effaced. The risk of a cord prolapse can be minimized if your baby is nice and low, which can be determined via cervical exam.
Foley Catheter
Your provider might suggest the use of a Foley catheter as a labor induction method. During this procedure, a catheter with an inflatable balloon is inserted into your cervix and filled with sterile fluid. The pressure exerted by the balloon encourages your cervix to dilate. Once the desired dilation is achieved, the balloon is deflated and removed. The Foley catheter method is generally safe but can cause discomfort. It is often used when your cervix is not yet fully dilated.
Providers may recommend a labor induction for various reasons, such as high blood pressure, being overdue (generally 40+3), pre-eclampsia, a baby that is “too big” or has been diagnosed with a growth restriction, or having too much or too little amniotic fluid. Listen to your provider’s concerns and ask for their evidence-based recommendations. By working closely with your provider and discussing the options, you can make informed decisions that prioritize your well-being and the safe arrival of your little one.
Want to learn more about inductions methods and other tools and interventions? Register for our Birth Prep class, or consider hiring a birth doula.